Zopiclone is a sedative (sleep-inducing) drug. It is used in the treatment of insomnia and other sleeping difficulties. It is sold under the brand name Imovane®.
Zopiclone is classified in the cyclopyrrolone family. This group of drugs is hypnotic and anxiolytic (it reduces anxiety). It is available in tablet form and liquid form for those who have difficulty swallowing.
Zopiclone is a controlled substance in the U.S.A., U.K., New Zealand, and Australia. This means you can only purchase it with a valid doctor’s prescription. However, it is not commercially available in the U.S. Instead, a stereoisomer of zopiclone called eszopiclone is available.
What is Zopiclone used for?
Zopiclone is used in the short-term treatment of insomnia. It has the properties of being hypnotic, anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing), anticonvulsant, and myorelaxant (muscle-relaxing). Hence, zopiclone is used to prevent the following sleeping issues:
- Taking a long time to fall asleep
- Frequent sleep awakenings
- Inadequate sleep
- Waking up too early
- Other sleeping problems caused by mental health issues
Zopiclone: Mechanism of action
Zopiclone is classified as a non-benzodiazepine, also known as “Z-drugs.” The benzodiazepine group contains all the existing hypnotics. The Z drugs are similar to benzodiazepines in their function but not similar in structure.
Zopiclone acts on the receptor of the neurotransmitter called GABA (γ-Aminobutyric acid). This receptor regulates the opening of a chloride ion channel. Zopiclone allosterically binds to the same binding site as that of benzodiazepine present on the GABA receptor. The levels of GABA do not affect the binding of Z-drugs to the site, like that of benzodiazepine. This action causes the opening of the chloride-ion channel. As a result, the excitability of the brain is reduced.
This mechanism of zopiclone helps the drug facilitate sleep, reduce anxiety, and relax the muscles.
How do I take Zopiclone?
- Zopiclone is a prescription medicine; hence, you must strictly take it only after consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor about any diseases, ongoing medications, or allergies beforehand.
- Zopiclone is normally found in tablet form. You must swallow the tablet whole without crushing or chewing it.
- Inform your PCP if you experience any abnormal reactions after consuming Zopiclone.
- Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose.
- To end the treatment, the primary care provider will gradually reduce the dosage. Do not abruptly stop taking Zopiclone by yourself.
Dosage guidelines
- Zopiclone is available in two concentrations- 3.75 mg and 7.5 mg.
- The recommended dosage of Zopiclone is 7.5 mg.
- The doctor may start with a dosage of 3.75 mg if you are over 65 years old or have liver or kidney diseases.
- Doctors prescribe this medication for no more than 2 to 4 weeks. This is because, after a certain period of treatment, the medicine loses its efficiency. There is also a possibility that you might become dependent.
Side effects of Zopiclone
The most common side effects after consuming Zopiclone are:
- Sleepiness
- Feeling dazed.
- A bitter or metallic taste in the mouth.
There is a rare chance that you might experience a serious side effect. However, if you feel any of these symptoms, immediately contact your doctor or emergency services:
- Hallucinations
- Suicidal thoughts
- Depression
- Delusions
- Bipolar disorder
- Epilepsy
- Amnesia
In conclusion, Zopiclone is a great medication, provided that you thoroughly follow a medical professional’s instructions. Coupled with lifestyle changes and cognitive behavioral therapy, it can safely and effectively treat any sleeping issues.